Italian study unlocks potential of Aglianico grapes in fighting diabetic blindness

A new study by Italian scientists highlights the potential of Aglianico grapes in developing treatments for diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complication of diabetes that can lead to blindness. Researchers from several Italian universities, in collaboration with the Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center in Campania, have identified a supplement made from Aglianico grape pomace that shows promise in combating this condition. The findings suggest that the polyphenols extracted from Aglianico grapes could help reduce retinal swelling and oxidative stress, both key factors in the progression of DR.

Diabetic retinopathy affects nearly a quarter of people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, making it a leading cause of preventable blindness among adults worldwide. Pharmaceutical companies have long sought effective treatments for DR, but this study opens the door to a more natural approach using compounds derived from grape skins.

The research team focused on oxidative stress, a major contributor to retinal swelling in DR patients. Polyphenols, naturally occurring compounds abundant in grape skins and wine, are known to counter oxidative stress. The team developed a patented maltodextrinated grape pomace extract (MaGPE) from Aglianico grapes, initially used to treat age-related macular degeneration in a 2023 study. In their latest research, the scientists refined the MaGPE formulation to test its efficacy in diabetic retinopathy patients.

The MaGPE extract was created from Aglianico grapes harvested in the fall of 2020. Using a process involving water extraction at 50°C, filtration, concentration, and spray-drying with maltodextrins, the researchers produced a microencapsulated powder rich in polyphenols like resveratrol and quercetin. These compounds are known for their powerful antioxidant properties and ability to reduce oxidative stress.

A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 99 DR patients tested the new formulation. Approximately half of the participants received the MaGPE supplement, while the other half received a placebo. Those taking the MaGPE powder experienced significant improvements, including better visual acuity, reduced central retinal thickness, and stabilized vascular swelling in the retina. The supplement also showed a measurable decrease in oxidative stress markers, indicating its effectiveness in addressing the underlying causes of DR.

These findings highlight the potential of MaGPE supplementation as a natural, nutraceutical treatment for diabetic retinopathy. By harnessing the medicinal properties of Aglianico grape polyphenols, the study offers an innovative approach to managing a condition that affects millions worldwide. This development also underscores the broader potential of naturally occurring compounds in addressing complex health issues, offering new hope for patients and healthcare providers alike.