Differences between Bordeaux and Burgundy wine

France has long been recognized as a world leader in the art of viticulture, with several of its regions heralded as the crème de la crème when it comes to premium wine production. Two regions, Bordeaux and Burgundy, have, for centuries, stood at the pinnacle of this craft, yet they carry distinct legacies, identities, and approaches. This article seeks to understand the nuances, the contrasts, and the convergence points of these two legendary regions.

A Tale of Two Terroirs: Bordeaux and Burgundy

Bordeaux: The Atlantic Enchantress

With its sprawling 120,000 hectares by the Atlantic Ocean, Bordeaux is undeniably one of France's largest wine-producing regions. Located in the southern part of the country, a mere 160 kilometers from Spain, its expansive plains facilitate massive wine production. The region's temperate climate allows it to produce approximately 600 million liters of wine annually. However, despite its vast production capacity, it is estimated that only about 5% of Bordeaux wines qualify as high-quality or premium.

Burgundy: The Bohemian Gem

In stark contrast, Burgundy is nestled inland, a mere 140 km away from Switzerland. This smaller region, characterized by its cold climate and steep slopes, produces a mere quarter of what Bordeaux does. Yet, its unique location amidst plateaus has allowed Burgundy to achieve a reputation for higher quality wines.

Business Modalities in the World of Wines

Burgundy and Bordeaux, while both masters of viticulture, diverge considerably in their business models.

Burgundy's Equitable Approach

On average, Burgundy's wine producers maintain a more balanced economic system with lesser disparities between them. This has resulted in greater commercial success for the region, with the average price of wine with DOP (Denomination of Protected Origin) being 25% higher than that in Bordeaux.

Bordeaux's Commercial Strategy

In Bordeaux, there is a marked economic imbalance among producers. While some wine merchants and vineyard owners revel in lavish profits, others struggle on the brink of viability, barely covering costs. Despite these differences, Bordeaux's ultimate goal is commercial viability.

Historical Evolution: Church, Aristocracy, and Oceans

Burgundy's development can be attributed to the influence of the Church and aristocracy, combined with its geographical isolation. This fusion gave rise to a robust regional identity. Bordeaux, on the other hand, exploited its oceanic access to expand its commercial reach to England and Northern Europe, fostering its strong commercial identity.

Craftsmanship and Wine Production

Bordeaux is renowned for its alchemical approach to winemaking, wherein different grape varieties from distinct parcels are blended to create the perfect wine. Burgundy, conversely, aims for purity and identity, often bottling wines made from single grape types, primarily Pinot Noir or Chardonnay, from individual small plots.

Vineyard Management: The Heartbeat of Quality

Both regions recognize the importance of vineyard management as the key to quality. While Bordeaux has been evolving its vineyard practices over the last 25 years, drawing inspiration from Burgundy in some respects, Burgundy continues its meticulous approach, focusing on the isolation of the best sub-zones and parcels.

Pricing: A Double-Edged Sword

Bordeaux's popularity at one point skyrocketed, leading some of its wines to become among the most expensive globally. Burgundy, although initially more focused on vineyard innovation, has been slowly inching towards achieving a commercial pinnacle, with several of its wines ranking among the top 50 most expensive globally.

Converging Philosophies

Interestingly, in recent times, Bordeaux seems to be 'Burgundizing', particularly in vinification techniques, signaling a shift towards quality and authenticity. Burgundy, in its quest for commercial success, is reluctantly making its mark on the list of expensive wines, indicating a possible shift towards external investment and increased commercialization.

In conclusion, while Bordeaux and Burgundy may have distinct identities and legacies, both regions offer magnificent wines at a spectrum of price points. The best approach? Savor, experience, and appreciate the wide array of offerings from these French treasures.