Global Wine Production Rises 3 Percent in 2025 but Remains 7 Percent Below Five-Year Average

Global wine production has shown a slight recovery in 2025 compared to last year, according to a preliminary report released by the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV). The organization estimates that worldwide wine production will reach between 228 and 235 million hectoliters this year. This marks a 3% increase from the historically low harvests of 2024, but it remains 7% below the average of the past five years.

The OIV report highlights that adverse weather conditions continue to affect wine production across the globe. Experts point to extreme weather events as a major cause, including heatwaves, droughts, wildfires, early frosts, and periods of excessive rainfall. These factors have led to ongoing challenges for wine producers in both the northern and southern hemispheres.

Portugal, traditionally one of Europe’s leading wine producers, has experienced a notable decline in output this year. The country is expected to produce 6.2 million hectoliters in 2025, which is an 11% drop compared to last year and 12% lower than its five-year average. Specialists attribute this decrease to a dry winter followed by record rainfall in early spring and then successive heatwaves during the summer months. As a result, Portugal now ranks fifth among European producers and eleventh globally.

Italy remains the world’s largest wine producer with an estimated output of 47.4 million hectoliters in 2025, representing an 8% increase from the previous year. France follows with a projected production of 35.9 million hectoliters, which is down by 1%. Spain completes the top three with an estimated 29.4 million hectoliters, reflecting a decrease of 6%. If confirmed, France’s production volume for this year would be its lowest since 1957, when it produced 32.5 million hectoliters.

Outside Europe, the United States continues to hold a dominant position in the Americas, while Australia and Argentina lead in the southern hemisphere. These countries remain significant players in global wine production despite facing their own climate-related challenges.

The OIV represents 51 member states that together account for about 90% of the world’s vineyard area and approximately 75% of global wine consumption. The organization’s latest findings underscore how climate variability is reshaping the landscape for wine producers worldwide. Many growers are adapting their practices in response to unpredictable weather patterns, but experts warn that continued volatility could further impact yields and quality in coming years.

Producers and industry observers are closely monitoring these trends as they plan for future harvests. The OIV will release more detailed data later this year as final figures become available from member countries. For now, the modest recovery in global wine production offers some relief after last year’s historic lows, but ongoing climate challenges remain a central concern for the industry.